Signs of kidney stones

Just as stones are formed in nature from natural mineral elements, stones can be formed in some parts of our body from elements and minerals in the human body. The latest idea is that stone particles or crystals are formed when the solution in the urine is too concentrated. This condition occurs if the body constantly loses water. Today's report is about how to understand that you have kidney stones.

Symptoms of kidney stones 

Kidney stones are not noticeable until they enter the urethra. If the stones become lodged in the tubes that connect your kidneys and bladder, they can block the flow of urine. This can cause the kidneys to enlarge and cause spasms in the urethra, both of which can be painful.

At that moment the following symptoms may be seen:

• Sharp discomfort just behind, on the side, and in the back of the rib cage
• Pain radiating to the lower abdomen and groin
• Pink, red, or brown urine
• Cloudy urine 
• Vomiting and nausea

The pain experienced as a kidney stone passes through the urinary tract can change, for example, moving to a different location or increasing in intensity.

Kidney stone treatment

Treatment for kidney stones can vary depending on the type of stone and its cause. 

Small stones with minimal symptoms

Increase fluid intake: Drink about 2 to 3.5 liters of water every day.

This will keep your urine thin and prevent stone formation. Aim to drink enough fluids, especially water, to keep your urine clear or almost clear until you get medical advice.

Use pain relievers: Passing small stones through the urethra can be uncomfortable. To relieve mild pain, your doctor may recommend an over-the-counter pain reliever such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB) or naproxen sodium (Aleve).

Medical therapy: Your doctor may prescribe medication to help your kidney stones pass more easily.

These medications relax the muscles in your urethra, which helps the stone pass more quickly and with less pain.

Larger stones and more symptoms

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

This treatment uses sound waves to break up kidney stones. It is recommended for certain types of stones based on their size and location. ESWL uses shock waves, which break the stones into smaller pieces and flush them out through urine.

The procedure lasts 45 to 60 minutes. It may involve sedation or light anesthesia. Possible side effects include blood in the urine, bruising, and discomfort from stone fragments passing through the urethra. There are also several other treatments.

Kidney stone diagnosis

If your doctor thinks you have kidney stones, they may ask you to do the following diagnostic tests:

Blood tests: Blood tests can tell if you have excess calcium or uric acid in your blood. Blood test results can help monitor kidney health and determine if other treatment is needed.

Urine test: A 24-hour urine collection test can reveal whether you are excreting too many stone-forming minerals or not enough stone-preventing chemicals. Your doctor may recommend collecting two urine samples on two consecutive days for this test.

Imaging: Imaging tests of the urinary tract can reveal kidney stones. Even small stones can be detected using high-speed or dual-energy computerized tomography (CT).

If you have kidney stones or any kidney problems, you can consult a nutritionist in addition to your doctor. He or she can help you create a diet plan that can reduce your risk of kidney stones.

Source: Care Hospital